Hydrocarbon-burner.



F. R & N. BLOUNT.

` HYDROUARBON BURNER.

APPLIGATION FILED APB. 21, 1909.

967,315; Patented Aug. 16, 1910.-

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UNITED STAT S PATENT OFFICE.

FREDERICK R. BLOUN'I AND NELSON BLUNT, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

HYDROCARBON-BURNER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Ang. 16, 1910.

Application led April 21, 1909. Serial No. 491,308.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, FREDERICK R. BLOUNT and NELSON BLOUNT, citizens ofthe United Stat-es, residing at New York, in the county' of New York andState of New York, have invented certain new and useful ImprovementsinYHydrocarbon-Burners, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to hydrocarbon burners, or burners adapted forvaporizing and burning kerosene or other refined petroleum oil, orhydrocarbons, and is designed for use in the lire boxes of cookingstoves, ranges, heating stoves and furnaces to take the place of coal orother fuel.

The primary object of the invention is to provide a burner of aconstruction that will insure a perfect and uniform mixture of air andgas producing an extremely hot, steady and uniform flame, which will beunder perfect control and capable under such control of producing a heatabundantly suflicient for all cooking operations.

A further object of the invention is to provide a burner in which thedraft may be regulated so as to cause the flame to almost entirely leavethe mixing chambenthus subjecting the primary vaporizing pipe toaradiant heat, only, which is sufficient to vaporize or gasify the oil,but is not sufficient to cause carbonization in the pipes, whichcarbonization, as is well known, has been one of the principal drawbacksto the successful operation of burners of this character.

The invention further contemplates the provision of a burner in whichdirt or sediment traps are provided to catch the hard substances thatmay be in the oil and prevent them from being forced into the pipes tojet points.

A further object of the invention is to provide a burner which will havecertain adjustable features whereby the mixing chambers may be disposedin different positions, so that the heat may be directed to differentpoints in the lire boX, as the eXigencies in the case may require, aswill be fully set forth in the following-speciiication.

Another object of the invention is to provide a highly eiiicient burnerof this character with eXtreme simplicity and economy of construction,composed of few parts easily assembled and easily adjusted or rearranged without thenecessity of expert mechanical skill, to j meetconditions that may arise in installing the burner in stoves of slightlyvarying construction, as where the burner is to be adapted for use in atwo oven stove or range where the fire box is located between the ovensand it is desired to direct the flame toward each oven. lThe heatdeveloped by the burner is sufficient and more than is required tothoroughly heat the oven, the water-back and top of the stove `for allcooking operations, practice having demonstrated that a heat of overfour-hundred degrees is obtainable, which is in excess of that requiredand the intensity of the heat as before suggested, may be readilycontrolled.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent inthe course of the following description and the points of novelty willbe set forth in the claims.

ln the drawings illustrating the invention: Figure l is a perspectiveview of the burner, upon its supporting plate, there being shown indotted lines the ends of the grate bars of the lire box upon which thesupporting plate rests; Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of the burner,the vaporizing and jet pipes being in elevation; Fig. 3 is a perspectiveview of the burner showing one of the mixing chambers or boxes reversedfrom the position shown in Fig. l; Fig. 4 is a vertical longitudinalsection of one of the mixing chambers; Fig. 5 is a perspective View of aslightly modified form of mixing chamber; and Fig'. G, is a detailperspective view, showing a slightly modified construction of mixingchamber and jet pipe.

Referring to the drawings, the numeral l designates what we will termthe primary vaporizing pipe. This pipe is closed at both ends asindicated by the numerals 2 and 3. In the center of this pipe we providea fourway connection 4, and into the upper vertical arm of thisconnection is threaded a vertical pipe 5, which at its upper end` isthreaded into the short arm 6 of the threeway connection 7. Threadedinto the connection 7 is a jet pipe closed at its ends as indicated at9. This jet pipe is provided with two jets l0, which project the oilvapor downward toward the mixing chambers.

`Integral with the connection 4C is a transverse base 11 which may restupon any suitable support, but in the present instance, upon asupporting plate as will be later described.

Threaded into the lower vertical arm of the connection 4 is a verticalpipe 12 whose lower end is threaded into a T-connection 13, which hasthreaded into its lateral arm 14 horizontal pipe 15, which pipe 15 is inturn threaded into the lateral arm of a T-connection 16 into whichconnection is threaded a vertical pipe 17 provided at any suitable pointin its length with a regulating valve 18. Connected with this valve is apipe 19 which may be connected with any suitable source of oil or otherfluid from which an inflammable gas may be produced by vaporization. Inthe embodiment of our invention as illustrated in the drawings, weprefer to employ a number of dirt traps 20, 21 and 22 which communicatewith that portion of the piping which may be regarded as the feed pipeor the pipe through which the oil or other vaporizable fluid passes tothe portions of the burner whereat vaporization takes place.

The numeral 23 designates the mixing chambers. In the preferred form,and as shown in Figs. 1 to l inclusive, there are two of these chambers,one mounted upon each arm of the vaporizing pipe. The mixing chambersare identical in construction and a description of one will serve as adescription of both. The mixing chamber is box-like in form havingoppositely disposed vslots 24: which are open at their lower ends andare adapted to embrace the vaporizing pipe. The top of the chamber isprovided near one end with an opening 25 which, when the parts areassembled comes directly below one of the jets in the jet pipe, so thatthe discharge of the gas into the chambers will be directly above thevaporizing pipe, thereby' quickly bringing said pipe into a highlyheated condition, so as to more thoroughly and quickly vaporize the oiland superheat the gas passing through said pipe when the burner is beinglighted and maintaining the pipe in a condition wherein the gas isuniformly and quickly generated during the operation of the burner.Extending transversely from one side of the chamber to the other,between the top plate and the lower edge thereof is a plate 26 whichinclines upwardly from the lower edge of the open end of the chamber tothe rear top plate. The rear portion of this plate 26 forms a closurefor the mixing chamber at its rear end, as clearly shown, and said plateis provided with a plurality of small perforations or air inlet openings27, through which air passes upwardly and commingles with the gas as itpasses through said chambers. VBy mounting the mixing chambers upon the`vaporizing pipe, which pipe is some` little distance above the burnersupport, a space will be left under each mixing chamber through whichair may freely pass under said chambers and upward through the openings.

The numeral 2S designates the burner sup port which we preferably use inconnection with the burner to increase its ellieiency. This support maybe of any suitable material and is in the form of a plate eut toaccurately fit the lire box and to cover the space between the gratebars to prevent an excessive amount of air passing to the burner, for ithas been demonstrated beyond doubt that the successful operation ofbnrners of this class depends to a large extent upon the draft control.Vhen too much air is admitted to the lire box, a yellow llame isproduced of low heat intensity, whereas, on the other hand, if theburner is under such control as to admit a limited amount of air to thelire box under control within the range of damper manipulatioi'ls in thestove pipe, a flame of intense heat is developed, without thedisagreeable and objectionable incidents of roaring or noise inoperation. Nevertheless, a certain amount of air must be admitted to thefire box and to provide for this, We provide along the edge or edges ofthe plate 28, a rib 29, and throughout the length of the rib, we providea series oli air holes 30, which admit air above the plate in closeproximity to the open mouth of the mixing chamber, so that the air andoil gas issuing from said chambers will receive an other supply of airnear the edge of the su pport, which` due to the highly heated conditionof the gas and air mixture from the chambers, will unite with the flamearound the chambers, producing a more intense heat.

As shown in Fig. 4, the arrangement of one or both of the mixingchambers may be reversed. Say, for instance, it is desired to change theposition of the chamber which is nearest to the valve 1S. This isaccomplished by simply lifting the mixing chamber from the pipe,reversing itv and placing it back upon the pipe, with its open endopposite to the open end of the companion chamber, and by so doing, thegas will be projected to the opposite side of the lire box. Bothchambers can be obviously, manipulated in the same way, which is highlyadvantageous where it is desired to place the burner in a stove in whichthe oven is to the right of the lire box. This is an important featureof the invention and renders it possible to adapt the burner quickly toany stove whether the oven is on the right or left of the lire box or toadapt it for use in a stove i'n which the lire box is between two ovens.

In the modification, Fig. 5, the rear end of the mixing chamber is leftopen as indicated by the numeral 31, so that air may be brought directlyin contact with the vapor jet as it passes into the mixing chamber.

In operation, the valve 18 is opened, letting oil into that portion ofthe pipe constituting the feed pipe from whence it passes to thevaporizing pipes above the plate 28. The oil before the burner isstarted, will ll the pipes and overflow at the jets and in order thatthis overflow oil may be readily lighted, we may provide upon the plate28, a suitable absorbent mat such as asbestos, which becomes saturatedwith the oil, which is lighted to supply the initial heat which issuiiciently intense to vaporize the oil within the pipes, causing aninflammable vapor to issue from the jets. The pipes will then be-in suchhighly heated condition that the oil or other fuel that follows it, willbe quickly vaporized and changed into an inflammable gas which issueswith considerable force from the jets in a downward direction throughthe openings 25 in the mixing chambers and said gas coming in contactwith the highly heated surface of the plates 2G will ignite and burn,producing a heat of great intensity. The feature of projecting the gasinto the vaporizing chambers immediately above the primary vaporizingpipe only, keeps this pipe in a highly heated con'- dition, assuringquick lighting of the burner as well as a steady and uniformVaporization of the fuel after the burner has been lighted a short time.As has been suggested in the description, the gas passes through theopenings 25 in the top plates of the mixing chambers and is deflectedtoward the mouths of the chambers, receiving a supply of air through theperforations in the bottom plates of said chambers, as it passestherethrough, toward the perforations in the edge of the support 28,where further air is supplied.

lVe have found in practice, that the construction of the burner is suchthat we are enabled to regulate its heat to a great nicety, it beingpossible to turn the flame up or down, as the cooking or heating needsmay demand. Any sediment or foreign substance that may be in the oil istrapped by the traps 20, 21 and 22, and any byproduct of the oil thatmay be formed under the conditions arising in the operation of theburner will be arrested by the traps. It will be noted that the feedpipe and the pipe 12 are considerably below the supporting plate 28, andat no time during the operation of the burner are these pipes highlyheated, thus reducing to a minimum the likelihood of the formation ofsubstances that would clog the vaporizing and jet pipes.

We do not desire to be understood as limiting ourselves to aconstruction wherein two chambers are employed as it is obvious that itwill be quite within the scope of mechanical skill, where a lower degreeof heat is required, to eliminate one of the chambers and one arm of thejet pipe. This form of single burner has been shown to produce a veryintense heat, quite sufhcient for ordinary cooking or heating purposes,nor do we limit ourselves to the exact constructions shown and it is tobe understood that changes in the scope of the invention may be madewithout departing from the spirit thereof.

As shown in Fig. G, we may provide openings 25 in the mixing chamber,and provide the jet-pipe with a jet 10 for each chamber opening, wherebythe capacity of the burner is increased.

Claims:

l. A hydrocarbon burner, comprising a vaporizing-pipe, a mixing-chamberreversibly-mounted upon said vaporizing-pipe, whereby the open end ofsaid chamber may be located at either side of the fire-box, and ajet-pipe supported from the vaporizingpipe, above the mixing-chamber,and arranged to discharge into the mixing-chamber.

2. A hydrocarbon burner, comprising a vaporizing-pipe, a plurality ofmixingchambers reversihly-mounted upon said vaporizing-pipe whereby theopen end of said chamber may be located at either side of the lire box,and a jet-pipe supported from the vaporizing-pipe and arranged todischarge into each mixing-chamber.

3. A hydrocarbon burner, comprising a vaporizing pipe, a mixing chamberreversibly-mounted upon said Vaporizing-pipe, a perforateddeflecting-plate arranged within said mixing chamber, and a jet-pipe,supported from the Vaporizing-pipe and arranged to discharge into themixing-chainber.

Lt. A hydrocarbon burner, comprising a vaporizing-pipe, a plurality ofmixingchamhers reversibly-mounted upon said vaporiZing-pipe, aperforated deflecting plate arranged within each mixing-chamber, and ajet-pipe supported from the vaporizingpipe and arranged to dischargeinto each mixing chamber.

5. A hydrocarbon burner, comprising a vaporizing-pipe, asupporting-plate provided at its side edges with a plurality ofair-passages, a mixing-chamber reversiblymounted upon theyaporiZing-pipe, a perforated deiiecting-plate arranged within saidmixing-chamber, and a jet-pipe supported from said vaporizing-pipe andarranged to discharge into the mixing-chamber.

6. A hydrocarbon burner, comprising a vaporizing-pipe, asupporting-plate provided at its side edges with a plurality ofair-passages, a plurality of mixing-chambers reversibly-mounted upon thevaporizing-pipe, a perforated defiecting-plate arranged within eachmixing-chamber, and a jet-pipel supported from said vaporizingpipe andarranged to discharge into each mixing-chamber.

7. A hydrocarbon burner, comprising a vaporizing-pipe, a mixing-chamberreversibly-mounted upon said vaporiZing-pipe, whereby the open end ofsaid chamber may be located at either side of the tire-box, and providedwith an opening in its top, and a jet-pipe supported from thevaporizingpipe above the mixing-chamber, and arranged to discharge intothe mixing-chamber through the opening therein.

8. A hydrocarbon burner, comprising a vaporiZing-pipe, a plurality ofmixingchambers, reversibly-mounted upon said vaporiZing-pipe, wherebythe open end of said chamber may be located at either side of thetire-box, and provided with openings in the top thereof, and a jet-pipesupported from the vaporiZing-pipe, above the mixing-chambers, andarranged to discharge into each mixing-chamber through the openingtherein.

9. A hydrocarbon burner, comprising a vaporiZing-pipe, a mixing-chamberreversibly-mounted upon said vaporizing pipe and provided with anopening in the top thereof, a perforated detlecting-plate arrangedwithin said mixing-chamber, and a jet-pipe supported from thevaporizing-pipe, above the mixing-chamber, and arranged to dischargeinto the mixing-chamber through the opening therein.

l0. A hydrocarbon burner, comprising a vaporizing-pipe, a plurality ofmixingchambers, reversibly-mounted up on said va poriZing-pipe andprovided with openings in the tops thereof, a perforated deflectingplatearranged within each mixing-chamber, and a jet-pipe supported from theVaporizing-pipe, above the mixing-chamber, and arranged to dischargeinto each mixing-chamber through the opening therein.

11. In a burner of the character described, the combination of avaporizing pipe, a jet pipe in communication with the vaporizing pipe, amixing chamber removably and re- 'versibly mounted upon the vaporizingpipe,

said chamber having a bottom plate provided with perforations and anOpening in its upper plate through which latter opening the jet pipedischarges.

l2. In a burner of the character described, the combination of avaporizing pipe, a jet pipe in communication with the vaporizing pipe, amixing chamber having perforations in its bottom, said chamber beingmounted on said vaporizing pipe and having an open end and an openingthrough which the jet discharges, a feed pipe below the vapori?.- ingpipe and communicating with the vaporizing and jet pipes, traps for thepurpose set forth, within the feed pipe, and means for regulating thesupply of fuel to the burner.

13. In a burner of the character described, the combination of avaporizing pipe, a jet pipe in communication with the vaporizing pipeand a plurality of mixing chambers removably and adjustably mounted uponthe jet pipe, said chambers having bottom plates with perforationstherein and top plates with apertures through which the jets from thejet pipes discharge and a feed pipe below the vaporizing pipe andcommunicating with said vaporizing pipe and jet pipe, sediment traps insaid feed pipe below the jet pipe and means for controlling theadmission of fuel to the burner.

11i. In a burner of the character described, the combination of avaporizing pipe, a jet pipe in communication with the vaporizing pipe, aplurality of box-like mixing chambers having perforations in theirbottoms, and an aperture in their upper plates, through which the jetpipe discharges, said chambers being removably and reversibly mountedupon the jet pipe.

In testimony whereof we affix our signatures in presence of twowitnesses.

FREDERICK R. BLOUNT. NELSON BLOUNT. .Vitnesses Ln Ror F. JONES,

JOHN VILLIAMS.

